The method of setting out is the reverse of surveying process. The process involves the positions and levels of building lines and road alignments shown on the construction plans to be established on the ground by various techniques and instruments..
Methods of Setting Out Survey
Setting out buildings by coordinates
Setting out with theodolite and level
Checking verticality
Setting out and alignment in steel framed buildings
Alignment and verticality in form work
Control and calculation for route surveying
Setting Out Building by Coordinates
A building can be set out by taking referencing from an already established baseline. An irregular building or a building having a complex geometry can be also be located using the same method. For each corner of the building, a grid line can be established from the baseline.
Checking Verticality:
Plumb Bob (For buildings less than 20m in height).
Optical Plummet (A transparent plastic sheet is used as a target for checking verticality of tall buildings).
Theodolite
Setting out Survey works also include
Computations and setting out Methods for:
1. Simple Circular Curves
2. Compound Curves
3. Reverse curves
4. Transition curves
5. Vertical curves
6. Setting out of horizontal alignment
7. Setting out of vertical alignment
8. Setting out of cross-sections
9. Setting out of bends
Setting Out Tools and Equipments
1. Pegs
2. Tape measure/measuring wire
3. Ranging rods
4. Triangle sets
5. Optical square
6. Gradient template
7. Straight-edge in combination with spirit level
8. Water manometer
9. Tube water level
10. Camberboard
11. Cross staff
12. Dumpy level
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Types of land surveying List Methods
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